Discrimination Against Asian Immigrants Essays - 1773 Words

During the late 1800s, waves of Asian immigrants from other countries arrived at the United States of America. These countries include China, Japan, Korea, Philippines, and India. They believed that coming to the United States would enable them to achieve the â€Å"America Dream†, but various laws and discrimination prevented them from achieving the dream. In response to these laws and discrimination, Asian immigrant groups asserted a sense of agency to protect themselves from oncoming discrimination and prejudice. Agency is defined as Asian Immigrants/Americans resistance to the discrimination, unfair laws, prejudice, and low wages. Some agency was successful and others were not, but the main idea was that Asian immigrants were†¦show more content†¦In addition to work hours, on the fields, the foremen patrolled while cracking and snapping his whip. The foremen would crack his whip near laborers to increase work productivity (Takaki, 135). In addition to unfair workin g conditions, a racial hierarchy was also developed in the plantations, with the white and foremen at the top. A good example of the hierarchy is suburban housing (Price). The owner and lunas or foremen would live at the top of the hill, the Japanese in wooden houses, Filipinos in run-down houses, and the Chinese in barracks (Price). This hierarchy served as system to prevent unions and strikes from forming. To prevent solidarity and unification of the workers, the plantation owners developed a mixed wage system and a diverse work force (Price). A mixed wage and a diverse work force served as a barrier from forming unions and going on strike. Also, owners also encouraged or promoted different groups to insult or put down different groups in order to increase worker productivity and widen the gap between each group (Takaki, 25). This system is similar to the checks and balances system in the U.S government. For example, if one group gets too powerful, i.e. the Japanese, Filipinos wou ld be brought in to counter the Japanese. The different groups serve to check each other’s power. With this system in place, the Asian immigrant groups were not easily able to assert their sense of agency. Despite the precautions the plantationShow MoreRelatedThe Immigration Of Asian American Immigrants Essay1505 Words   |  7 Pagescentury, myriads of immigrants flocked to the U.S. seeking better job opportunities,or searching for religious freedom. U.S. citizens were fearful, envious, and willing to exclude immigrants who came to the US as they were viewed as an economic threat to the society. They believed that these immigrants were racially, morally and intellectually inferior to them and as such did not see or treat as their equals. These dysfunctions lead to severe and harsh treatment of immigrants. Historically, the threeRead MoreRacial Discrimination Against Minorities And Immigrants1090 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican history, immigrants came here and brought their traditions and cultures with them. The United States is a country of immigrants. It is a place where people from all over the world come to build a better life. Some immigrants bring their families. Others come alone with nothing but determination. Racial discrimination against minorities and immigrants is an underlying problem here in America today. Racism is seen in our daily lives when people are discriminated against because of their raceRead MoreJerry Trinidad . Professor Tuyay . Asian-American History .1659 Words   |  7 PagesJerry Trinidad   Professor Tuyay   Asian-American History   April 1, 2017      Angel Island and Ellis Island        The United States was founded on the principle that all men are created equal, but during an immigration boom in the late 1890s and early 1900s, Asians and Europeans faced discrimination and violence because of their difference in language, appearance, and religion. People came to America from all over the world to experience the wealth and prosperity that was associated with this great countryRead MoreImmigration to the US1148 Words   |  5 Pagesmany Asian immigrants that come to the United States in hopes of living out their American dream of becoming United States citizens. My parents came here exactly for that same reason, so they can give my sisters and I the opportunity to live a better life. We were fortunate enough to have our relatives help us get here, making it a little less difficult for us compared to other families that took a different path to becoming citizens. However, it was not always this easy for an Asian immigrantRead MoreThe United States As A Mul tiracial Society959 Words   |  4 Pagesjobs, immigration, and discrimination are affected. The United States provides people with jobs and opportunities that they could not even dream of accomplishing in their home country. As an immediate effect of this, many Americans are denied jobs or are underqualified, due to the fact that employers do not want to discriminate against different races. According to an International Business Times article 51 percent of Americans believe they are competing for jobs with immigrants (www.ibtimes.com). HoweverRead MoreAsian Students and Colleges Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesMany people assume that Asians have it the easiest of all the races when it comes to applying to top tier schools. Not only are they â€Å"naturally intelligent†, they are also a minority meaning they can reap the benefits of affirmative action; therefore, they must be able to easily stand out against White applicants with a comparably high academic record. Surprisingly, studies show that the opposite may be true. Asians admission rates in top tier schools lik e Harvard suggest that White applicants mayRead More Asian American Experience Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesAsian American Experience The pain and the suffering, the oppression, and the exclusion all describe the history of Asia America. When they arrived to the United States, they become labeled as Asians. These Asians come from Japan, China, Korea, Laos, Thailand, and many other diverse countries in the Eastern hemisphere. These people wantedRead MoreWhat Is Domestic Violence?992 Words   |  4 Pagesat language ability, education, work experience and many other categories. It is a very discriminatory system, as it only allows for wealthy immigrants due to the requirements of English language and to have strong work and education credentials. So with the majority of South Asian immigrants that are coming to Canada coming as economic immigrants, most are coming from areas where they had a lot of power due to their social location and subject position. Although their social location does not changeRead MoreDescriptive Essay - Original Writing Essay1571 Words   |  7 Pages It was third grade that I discover ed that I wasn’t white. Don’t get me wrong, I was aware that I was Asian. I had a different culture at home from my friends. They didn’t eat rice nearly as often as I did. They didn’t see chopsticks as just another utensil for the table, but as an exotic tool. They didn’t speak Chinese at home. But race was never something that mattered in elementary school. People weren t black, white, yellow. They were classmates, friends. That is, until Peter arrived. It wasRead MoreDo Asians Rights Be Ignored? America? Essay1489 Words   |  6 Pages11/2/2016 Do Asians’ rights be ignored in America? When I search â€Å"Asian rights in America† on Google, there are almost 68400000 search results. But if I search â€Å"Black people rights in America†, there are about 90800000 search results online. It is obviously that there are some differences between these two values and what reason causes this different? Why people focus more attention on black people’s rights not on Asians’ rights? You may say that it’s maybe because the number of Asians is smaller

Sexual Violence And Sexual Abuse - 1153 Words

Introduction Suddenly changing your appearance and behavior, avoiding contact with family and friends, directs majority or all time to a significant other, being moody and stress, with physical signs of abuse are signs of being in an abusive relationship. Domestic abuse, battering, and spouse abuse are commonly used terms that reflect having complete and utter control and power. These types of abuse have formed a named to sum the types of abuse. Which is called, â€Å"Intimate partner violence (IPV) (also called domestic violence, battering, or spouse abuse) is violence commented by a current or former spouse, opposite-sex cohabiting partner, same-sex cohabiting partner, date, or boyfriend or girlfriend (Gosselin, 2014).† Victims of this violence can be of either gender. Intimate violence can viewed as emotional, physical, verbal, economic and sexual abuse. These acts aren’t only taken place in a household; they can take place outside the home in public. This violence has a reoccurr ing cycle that is meant to be used as an isolation and controlling method. In this cycle it is formed by apologizing, tension, and battering. Which lead to need medical attention, depression and the end of the cycle of death. In many cases this violence has many effects on their children and their health. All of these effects come from cause that could’ve been prevented. Children Having these incidents pertaining to these children effect forthcoming. Our children are our future. â€Å"Intimate partnerShow MoreRelatedChild Sexual Violence And Sexual Abuse1371 Words   |  6 PagesChild on child sexual violence/assault cases has been on the rise. Sexual Violence is defined by Webster’s dictionary as any illegal sexual contact that usually involves force upon a person without consent or is inflicted upon a person who is incapable of giving consent (as because of age or physical or mental incapacity) or who places the assailant (as a doctor) in a position of trust or authority. There is growing understanding that the vast majority of children who has experienced sexual assault, areRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse881 Words   |  4 Pagesof domestic abuse against current players. In it, a woman phones the police, forced to pretend to be ordering a pizza in order to not raise suspicion from her abuser, who is in the room with her. The creator of the commercial, No More, is an advocacy group that is working to end domestic violence and sexual abuse. On their website, they cite the 2013 Avon Foundation for Women’s NO MORE study, which found that while nearly two thirds of Americans know a victim of domestic or sexual abuse, those twoRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse1478 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review Background of Study ​Anger and violence happen at every level in the family, which ultimately destroys the family life, and it happens with couples, parents, children and also siblings. However, females have primarily been the target of violence (Payne Wermeling, 2009). Domestic abuse is often recurring and it signifies that one partner in the relationship threatens the other psychologically, economically and sexually by harming them physically or threatening to harm themRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse Essay731 Words   |  3 Pages Domestic violence has had a traumatic affect on the lives of millions of people in the United States alone (Carretta, 2010, p. 28). Bryant Furlow (2010) states that domestic violence is any physical, psychological or sexual abuse endured by a current/former spouse, intimate partner or simply anyone who is abusing another family member. According to Furlow (2010) domestic violence incorporates elder abuse, child abuse and intimate partner violence. Altho ugh domestic violence can affect all membersRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse896 Words   |  4 Pageswitnesses abuse in his/her home at a young age? Introduction: What is domestic violence? â€Å"Domestic Violence is a pattern of behaviors used to establish power and control over another person through fear and intimidation, often inclosing the threat or use of violence†(Safe Horizon, 2015). Domestic violence includes physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and exploitation; therefore, this is in relation to â€Å"intimate partner violence, battering, relationship abuse, spousal abuse, or familyRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse1857 Words   |  8 PagesIntimate partner abuse has more commonly and it typically has been called domestic violence or spouse abuse. This type of abuse describes any physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former intimate partner or spouse. The definition of intimate partner abuse is any intentional act or series of acts that cause injury to the spouse or intimate partner. Usually the abuse starts as psychological abuse and then gradually turns into physical and possibly sexual abuse. Another reason whyRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse2157 Words   |  9 PagesWhat is considered â€Å"Domestic Violence†? Can just about anyone claim they are victims of Domestic Violence or is there certain types of people that classify for it? Not anyone can claim domestic violence, one must have actual proof of being beaten or abused. Domestic violence is a pattern of behavioral or mental abuse, which involves acts of violence by one person against another in a domestic context, such as in marriage. Intimate partner violence is domestic violence against a spouse or other intimateRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse1456 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic Violence is violence between intimate partners. Intimate partners can be people who live together or people who are currently dating or have dated in the past. â€Å"Perhaps a better definition of domestic violence is emotional abuse, physical abuse, or sexual abuse between people who have at some poi nt in time had an intimate or family relationship.† (AAETS). Emotional abuse is when an intimate partner has continuously criticized you, manipulated you with lies, and humiliated you in public orRead MoreDomestic Violence And Sexual Abuse1431 Words   |  6 PagesDomestic violence by definition is a violent or aggressive way of being within the confines of the home; in most occasions it is typically involving the violent abuse of a spouse or partner. There are various cues that display an abuse relationship; domestic violence is just the definition of the type of abuse itself. Abusive individuals that are most likely to commit domestic violence actions are said to need to feel in charge of the relationship. They will make decisions for you and the familyRead MoreSexual Abuse And Domestic Violence790 Words   |  4 PagesPeople who experience sexual abuse or domestic violence always blame themselves due to guilt and low self-esteem, also because the abuser is very dominant a nd can make the victim believe that it’s their fault. As Lievore suggested a few number of personal barriers: ïÆ' ¼ Humiliation, awkwardness; ïÆ' ¼ Thinking that what their partner is doing is not a crime and shouldn’t be report as they’d refuse to testify against them. ïÆ' ¼ They don’t want other people knowing. ïÆ' ¼ Blaming themselves or believe that other

Government Has Defined the Policies Whether â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Government Has Defined The Policies Whether? Answer: Introducation For having the smooth functioning of every company, it is very important for them to have the good business practices and that too shall be within the limits of the defined procedures and the policies laid down by the government. These have been enacted through the Corporations Act, 2001, Accounting standards and similar policies. In this report, the major focus has been made on the accounting standards. Accounting standards helps the company in getting the financial statements prepared in the uniform and consistent manner so that the financial statements of the company can be compared with the financial statements of the other company operating in the same industry by the users of the financial statements. In this report, three case studies have been discussed and all the cases have been cleared by making the reference to the relevant accounting standard and wherever necessary separate calculation has been made. With this aims, the report has been made available to the use On the beginning of the financial year 2014, Magenta Company has bought the machinery amounting to $200000. The company has recognized the machinery on the basis of the cost model and not revaluation model. At the end of the financial year 2017, the company has decided to change the method of valuation to the revaluation model and thereby the accounting policy has been changed. At first the requirements of the Australian accounting standard 108 on accounting policies and changes in accounting estimates has been detailed and after that the requirements of the Australian accounting standard 116 relating to property plant and equipment have been discussed. Change in Method of Valuation In this part, reference has been made to the provisions of the Australian Accounting Standard number 108 which is on accounting policies and changes in accounting estimates. In accordance with Para number twenty and of twenty one, following are the situations where accounting standard allows the adoption of the accounting standard on the voluntary basis (Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB), 2011): Where the entity applies the provision of the accounting standard before the date of its becoming applicable, it can never be stated that the company has adopted the accounting standard on voluntary basis. The entity will be said to have the accounting standard applied on voluntary basis during the financial year only when the declarations have been made by the other standard setting bodies or the professional bodies who is responsible for making the standards and also when there is no accounting standard on the relevant and given subject. The accounting treatment for change in accounting policy from the cost model to revaluation model shall be done in the following manner: If the revalued amount is higher than the cost, then the difference shall be transferred to the revaluation surplus and otherwise the amount will be written off from the revaluation surplus. The assets so revalued are then recognized at the revalued amount less the depreciation expense and the amount of impairment loss. (Taplin, Tower and Hancock, 2002) Journal entries in relation to Machinery As per the Australian accounting standard 116, the journal entries have been detailed below relating to the machinery and depreciation for consecutive period of six years (Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB), 2010). Journal Of Magneta Limited Date Particulars Debit Credit 01/07/2014 Machinery - Asset $200000 To Bank $200000 30/6/2015 Depreciation $25000 To Accumulated Depreciation $25000 30/6/2015 Accumulated Depreciation $25000 To Machinery - Asset $25000 30/06/2016 Depreciation $25000 To Accumulated Depreciation $25000 30/06/2016 Accumulated Depreciation $25000 To Machinery Asset $25000 30/06/2017 Revaluation Surplus $15000 To Machinery - Asset $15000 To Accumulated Depreciation $22500 30/06/2017 Accumulated Depreciation $22500 To Machinery Asset $22500 30/06/2018 Revaluation Surplus $20500 To Machinery - Asset $20500 30/06/2018 Depreciation $18400 To Accumulated Depreciation $18400 30/06/2018 Accumulated Depreciation $18400 To Machinery - Asset $18400 30/06/2019 Depreciation $19640 To Accumulated Depreciation $19640 30/06/2019 Accumulated Depreciation $19640 To Machinery Asset $19640 1/7/2019 Cash $60000 Accumulated Depreciation $19640 To Profit on Sale of Machinery $25680 To Machinery Asset $53960 Greymouth Limited is the company which has the business of chemicals has commenced the operations for constructing the chemical plant in the year of 2014. The company is required to obtain the license from the government and has obtained the same. The condition of the license has moved the company to look into the applicability of the accounting standard number 137 and how the same shall be complied with. The accounting of the same has been detailed below: Cost of Decommissioning Provisions or not As per paragraph 10 of the Australian Accounting Standard 137 on the Provisions, Contingent Assets and the Contingent Liabilities, provisions are defined as the amount set aside by the company in order to meet the obligation that will arise or become due in the future will full probability. In accordance with the paragraph number 14 of the Australian Accounting Standard 137 on the Provisions, Contingent Assets and the Contingent Liabilities, the provision shall be recognized only when the following conditions are satisfied (Wells, 2011): The company possess the liability for any act which has been derived as the result of the past event; There is the high chances that the there will be the outflow of the resources of the company to meet out the obligation and The company will be able to measure the cost in real terms (Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB), 2010) Since in the case of this company, the cost of decommissioning is predefined and is clear that the company will be require to dismantle the plant after the expiry of the useful life of the asset. Thus, first condition is satisfied that the liability has occurred as a result of the past event. As there is the full probability that the company will pay the amount of liability and thus second condition is satisfied. As the cost of decommissioning has been measured and thus third condition is also satisfied. Thus, the amount shall be recognized as the provision. AMOUNT OF PROVISION Following methods have been prescribed by the paragraph number 36 to 50 of the Australian Accounting Standard 137, for calculating the amount of the provision that shall be recognized in the financial statements of the company. First method that has been specified is the best estimate. According to this method, the value of provision is recognized which is equivalent to the estimate of expenditure equal to the funds required to meet the present obligation. It represents the amount to be settled at the end of the reporting period. Second method is the present value method. It is usually applied where the effect of the time value of money is very material to the financial statements. The amount of provision will be the present value of the expenditure that will be incurred in order to settle the obligation. The company shall use the pre tax discounting rate equivalent to the cost of capital of the company. Third method is the method which is related to the happening or non happening of the future events. If there is high certainty that the future event will definitely occur then the amount of provision will be equal to the liability that will come when the event will happen in the future. As per the given case study, the best and appropriate method will be the present value method as neither the liability can be estimated on the basis of the best judgment nor it can be calculated on the basis of future event. As in the given case the risk and uncertainty factor which is the probability has been given. The amount of provision shall be calculated by multiplying the cost with the percentage of the chance of occurrence. The calculation has made in the given table: S. No. Cost Probability Amount A $520000 15% $78000 B $500000 80% $400000 C $300000 5% $15000 GRAND TOTAL 493000 D Discounting rate Given 5% E Provision 447166 As per the above table, the chances of occurrence of the $50000 cost are very high and the provision is come out as $400000. Keeping in view the consideration of the prudence, the amount of provision of $447166 shall be recognized as the provision under the head of Current Liabilities in the Balance Sheet. JOURNAL DATE PARTICULARS DEBIT CREDIT 30/06/2016 Decommissioning Expense $493000 To Provision $493000 30/06/2017 Decommissioning Expense $469524 To Provision (493000/1.05) $469524 Checking for Fulfillment of the Definition under each option The Para number eight of the Australian Accounting Standard number 138, the asset shall be said to be intangibles only if they are identifiable but does not possess any physical existence through which it can be touched and does not have any form of the consideration which can be measured in monetary terms easily. Further as per Para Nine of the same standard, intangible asset shall contain the following to fulfill the criteria: It should be Identifiable Shall possess the Control and Shall possess the future benefits in economic terms. For checking the criteria of identifiable, following conditions are required to be checked: The asset which can be easily separated or is capable of being divided and can be easily available for sale, exchange or rent or similar activity; The asset shall be derived from any form of the contractual rights or any form of legal rights irrespective of the fact of being transferable or separable. (Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB), 2015) In the case of the Option 1, the computer software doesnt satisfy the criteria and hence cannot be said as identifiable as there is the restriction on selling or transferring or separating it. In the case of Option2, the computer software has satisfied the criteria as the same is easily separable and transferrable. In the case of Option3 also, the computer software has satisfied the criteria as the same is easily separable and transferrable. Parameters for Recognition The intangible assets shall be recognized only if there is the high probability that the asset will be able to generate economic benefits in the future and the cost of that asset can be easily measured in reliable terms. This has been mentioned in paragraph number 20 of the Australian Accounting Standard 138 on the Intangible Assets. Further as per paragraph 52 of the Australian Accounting Standard 138 on the Intangible Assets, there are two phases. One is research and other one is development. No asset is recognized in research phase rather it is charged to profit and loss statement. The asset is recognized in the development phase on the fulfillment of the conditions like measurement of cost in reliable terms, technical feasibility, etc. In case of Option 2 and Option3, amount of $40000 will be recognized as the cost has been measured reliably and project is technically feasible. Conclusion the above analyses of the each of the case study, it is to conclude that the accounting standards are the basic for each accounting work and helps in providing the useful information to its users including the stakeholders of the company. Recommendation has been to include the adoption and correct application of the accounting standards as the core part of the policies of the company. References Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB), (2010),"AASB 137 Provisions,Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets"Retrieved from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB137_07-04_COMPoct10_01-11.pdf Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB), (2010),"AASB 116 Property, Plant andEquipments" Retrieved fromhttps://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content102/c3/AASB116_0704_ERDRjun10_07 -09.pdf Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB), (2011),"AASB 108 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates andErrors" Retrieved from https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB108_0704_COMPmay11_07-11.pd Australian Accounting Standard Board (AASB), (2015),"AASB 138 Intangible AssetsRetrievedfrom https://www.aasb.gov.au/admin/file/content105/c9/AASB138_08 15_COMPoct15_01 -18.pdf Taplin, R., Tower, G. and Hancock, P., 2002, June. Disclosure (discernibility) and compliance ofaccounting policies: AsiaPacific evidence. InAccounting Forum (Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 172 -190). Blackwell Publishers Ltd.. Wells, M.J., 2011. Framework-based approach to teaching principle-based accounting standards. Accounting Education, 20(4), pp.303-316.

Sofsf Essay Example

Sofsf Essay Hence, awareness as well as resolution nickering these problems Is Imperative for current and future law enforcement officers to effectively perform their duties. Objectives The student will be able to: 1. Analyze various criminal laws. 2. Explain basic terms in regards to the enforcement of criminal laws. 3. Define special populations. 4. Resolve ethical issues as they relate to enforcing criminal laws. Engage Search the Internet for a free video clip including the key words police kill handicapped double-amputee, or search for other video clips depicting ethical dilemmas common in law enforcement. Have the students imagine that they are edges responsible for resolving the issue(s). Use the Discussion Rubric for assessment. Key Points l. Electronic crime A. Any criminal activity involving the use of computers, such as the illegal transfer of funds from one account to another; or the stealing, changing, or erasing of data in an electronic data bank B. History 1. In the late sasss there was a large increase in electronic crimes and profound measures were proposed to resolve the problem 2. In 1999, the Federal Computer Investigations Committee (FCC) performed a scenario to further substantiate the emerging robber of electronic crime as well as the challenges it presents for law enforcement 3. Southern District of New York v. Melissa G. King case involving the chief at the Park Avenue branch of New Works Union Dime Savings Bank; she embezzled over $1. 5 million from hundreds of accounts 4. United States v. We will write a custom essay sample on Sofsf specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Sofsf specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Sofsf specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Saleroom another infamous case involved a hacking group called MOD (Masters of Deception) a) It is alleged the group stole passwords and technical data from Pacific Bell, Annex, and other telephone companies b) The damage caused was extensive; one company, Southwestern Bell suffered losses of $370,000 Copyright Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. C. Types 1 . Spellbinding harassing someone online by sending or posting mean messages, usually anonymously 2. Cabinetmaking using the Internet to meet a person that one intends to criminally victimize 3. E-mail harassment sending multiple e-mails to annoy or threaten a person 4. Theft of wireless services the unauthorized use of a wireless Internet connection that may impose costs on a residential subscriber or a corporate network operator D. The Role of law enforcement 1 . Investigate and dismantle computer crimes . Collect evidence properly 3. Gather evidence in a timely manner 4. Prepare the evidence properly for transfer to federal agents 5. Transfer the E. Issues for law enforcement 1. Establishing Jurisdiction is unclear due to the lack off physical location 2. Clarifying privacy rights in regard to social networking websites 3. Determining the appropriate time to apprehend the suspect or suspects II. Hate Crimes A. Criminal actions against an individual or group which is motivated by hatred of race, religion, sexual orientation, handicap, ethnicity, or national origin; a hate crime an be an act of intimidation, threats, property damage, assault, and even murder B. In 2002 police agencies reported 7,462 hate crime incidents including 11 murders across the country (FBI, 2003) C. Historic Legislation 1 . Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990 2. Church Arson Prevention Act of 1996 3. Hate Crime Sentencing Enhancement Act of 1996 4. The Matthew Sheppard and James Byrd, Jar. Hate Crimes Prevention Act of 2009 D. Role of law enforcement 1. Implement measures to prevent hate crimes 2. Respond to hate crime incidents 3. Preserve/secure crime scenes 4. Stabilize the victim(s) and request medical attention when/if necessary 5. Ensure the safety of all involved: the victims, witnesses, and perpetrators 6. Collect physical evidence 2 Ill. Hot Pursuit/Police Chases A. Pursuit of an actual or suspected violator of the law by law enforcement 1 . They are often inevitable, but they create dangerous situations for everyone involved, especially when the police go to extreme lengths while pursuing suspects for minor violations 2. Scott v. Harris a police officer terminated a high-speed pursuit resulting in a crash that rendered the suspect a quadriplegic. The suspect sued but the court ruled that the officer did not violate the Fourth Amendment C. The dilemma for law enforcement is whether the benefits of potential apprehension outweigh the risks of endangering the public and the police 1. Ensure public safety 2. Determine if pursuing misdemeanors offenses outweighs the cost; quick decisions 3. Remember that pursuit is not negotiable for felony stops V. Human Trafficking A. A form of modern-day slavery where people profit from the control and 18 or over who are coerced or deceived into commercial sex acts, and anyone forced onto different forms of labor or services, such as domestic workers held in a home, or farm-workers forced to labor against their will (http://www. Polaris]etc. Org/ humidification/overview) B. History forms of slavery have existed since the ancient Greek and Roman times 1. United States v. Kooky Haw Adler agents of the US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) arrested 31 Korean nationals throughout the northeast US in a federal human trafficking case 2. United States v. Do Yup Bee involves human trafficking of individuals from Canada and Mexico C. Role of law enforcement 1 . Awareness that the victims suffer a violation of human rights and need protection 2. Promotion of the safety and wellbeing of victims is paramount 3. Have a Plan of Action when it relates to the incidents involving human trafficking 4. Use relationship building skills when it relates to the victims of this kind of crime D. Issues for law enforcement 1 . Knowing which laws have been violated 3 2. Understanding the process for addressing the various kinds of traffickers and victims (I. E. Coyotes and illegal immigrants) V. Use of force involving special populations A. Any physical coercion used to effect, influence, or persuade an individual to comply with an order from an officer, above unregistered handcuffing, including actively pointing a firearm at a person (http://www. Orthophosphate. Org/ BP_Settlement_Ascertainments. PDF) 1 . Marshall v. City of Portland this case involved a mentally ill individual who died while law enforcement was exhibiting use of force 2. Champion v. Outlook Nashville, Inc. this case involved police officers continuously spraying mace in the face of a mentally challenged individual that was handcuffed and obviously not a threat 1 . To offer and participate in efficient and effective tra ining 2. To recognize mental illness early when addressing individuals D. Issues for law enforcement 1 . Civil Rights Laws violations 2. Police Misconduct/abuse of power Activities Have students write a scenario about one common problem in law enforcement. Then select the best scenario(s) and have the students write how they would handle the situation(s) if they were the police officer(s) on duty. Use the Individual Work Rubric for assessment. Common Problems in Law Enforcement Quiz and Key Discussion Rubric Individual Work Rubric Research Rubric Materials

Douglas Mcgregor Theory X Y Essay Example

Douglas Mcgregor Theory X Y Essay Example Douglas Mcgregor Theory X Y Paper Douglas Mcgregor Theory X Y Paper DOUGLAS MCGREGOR FLOW PROFILE WHY NOW ? .. WORKS INTRO HIS STUDY THEORY-X THEORY-Y CONCLUSION RELEVANCE APPLICATIONS PROFILE-DOUGLAS MC GREGOR (1906-1964) He graduated Wayne State University PHD in Experimental Psychology(Harvard) He was Born Published his Theory of X Y in the book â€Å"Human Side of Enterprise† Death 1906 1932 1935 1960 1964 HIS WORKS Douglas Mc Gregor is one of the forefathers of contemporary management thinking over 50 years ago he began investigating the importance of people to business. In order to thrive an organization needs to harness the intelligence, enthusiasm and commitment of all the employees. He has worked extensively in this field and contributed through some of his works such as: 1. Human Side Of Enterprise 2. Leadership and Motivation 3. The Professional Manager (Posthumous Publication) This book had an profound influence on management practices then. In it he basically: a)Challenged the prevailing belief that workers are inherently lazy b)He formulated two models, Theory X and Theory Y, based on his examination of the way people behave at workplace. It has changed an entire concept of Organizational man and replaced it with a new paradigm that stressed human potential and emphasized human growth. This book is perhaps the clearest statement of the managerial theory that is scientific in outlook and in approach , humanistic and democratic in spirit. The most effective and the most equitable course of leadership is to satisfy the higher needs of workers on all levels the needs of self respect, initiative and recognition of competence. This book attempts to bring the needs of the business executive and the contributions of the behavioral sciences in to an applicable focus. The problems in dealing with unions of government workers. Clarifies the legal and political considerations. McGregor argued that managers operate from their personal view of how employees function. He separated managers into two groups based on Maslows Hierarchy of Needs. He related Theory X managers to lower order needs in the hierarchy and Theory Y managers to higher order needs. THEORY-X (AUTHORITARIAN MANAGEMENT STYLE) Human beings have an inherent dislike for work and will try to avoid it . People must be coerced controlled threatened to get the work done the average human being prefers to be directed wishes to avoid responsibility. People have relatively little ambition, want security above all. Management have the right to command and enforce obedience THEORY Y -( Participative Management Style) Assumes that people want to work and nee d managers to facilitate their activity not to control it. Control and punishment are not the only ways to make people work . The average person will take responsibility under proper conditions. The need is for â€Å"LEADERSHIP† and not â€Å"management† . X theory Demands Never asks.!! Y theory More of a Leader..! Distasteful, will avoid work whenever possible. Not ambitious, no desire for responsibility. Value Job security Dislike work Close supervision required. Work is as natural as play if conditions are in favor. Average person accepts responsibility. Values creativity Seeks chances to be creative BUSINESS IMPLICATIONS By applying the Mc Gregor’s model in to business we can: Devise a better performance management system Form and supervise effective management teams Better staff line relationships, build co-operation Cultivate an intrinsically motivating, value driven workplace. Creates employee commitment . CONCLUSION The X-Y theories express only the extreme positions between which most employees may or may not fall in to real life . In Peter Duckers words â€Å"With every passing year McGregors message becomes ever more relevant, timelier and more important.

Species Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Species - Essay Example The US alone estimate that invasive species cost its economy approximately $138 billion per year (Pimentel, Lach, Zuniga & Morrison, 1999). The introduction of this non-native species has proved to have dire consequences to the environments and ecosystems. One invasive species that has had severe costs to host nations is Bufflegrass. As an invasive species it has now become naturalized in the Americas, Australia, Hawaii and Mexico to name a few. Bufflegrass thrives in low rainfall a condition which makes it the perfect species to introduce to arid countries and was first introduced in the US and Mexico to improve forage for cattle, Arizona and the Sonaran desert were the ideal ecosystems for the grass to grow. Bufflegrass is drought resistant so thrived in its native countries including Africa. The grass will withstand heavy grazing and so was introduced for this purpose so the conversion of forest, homogenous grassland and savanna to pasture for grazing created the ideal environment for this hardy grass to grow. However the problem lies in that this invasive grass has spread from cultivated areas to natural ecosystems at an alarming rate as it will grow in all soil types and including sandy and stony soils. Bufflegrass grows densely and so crowds out native plants of similar size and due to its ability to resist drought will remain dense even in dry years. It attacks native plants by its ability to win competition for natural resources such as water, space and soil nutrients so prevents homogenous plants from maturing and germinating and secondly it is highly flammable but resistant to fire, once a grass fire has occurred it is not unusual that only the Bufflegrass grows back. The Sonaran Desert evolved without fire as an ecological factor and most of its plants cannot tolerate it. The Bufflegrass populations in Saguaro National Park have quadrupled in size between 2002 and 2006 despite the outbreaks of several vastly spread fires (Bean & Betancourt, 2006). The economic factor is that with the increased risk of fires utility infrastructures are threatened, property may decrease in value as areas become known for fire hazards, insurance rates rise not to mention the cost to governments in having to find means of managing the invasive grass. There is also the cost of life involved, in November 2005 a man was burned to death in a Bufflegrass fire in Arizona Bibliography Bean, Travis M. & Betancourt Julio L. (2006) Bufflegrass in theS onoran Desert: Can we prevent the unhinging of a unique American ecosystem The Plant Press THE ARIZONA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY VOLUME 30, NUMBER 1 (Retrieved on 18th November 2008) http://aznps.org/PDFs/PlantPress/PP30.1.pdf Pimentel, D, Lach, L, Zuniga R, & Morrison, D. (1999) Environmental and Economic Costs associated with Non-Indigenous Species in the United States College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca

E-waste Dumping - A Challenging Legal and Ethical Choice in Global Essay

E-waste Dumping - A Challenging Legal and Ethical Choice in Global Business - Essay Example This fast growing waste stream is accelerating because the global market for PCs is far from saturation and the average lifespan of a PC is decreasing rapidly - for instance for CPUs from 4-6 years in 1997 to 2 years in 2005 (Culver, 2005). PCs comprise only a fraction of all e-waste. It is estimated that in 2006 approximately 180 million mobile phones will be retired. Similar quantities of electronic waste are expected for all kinds of portable electronic devices such as PDAs, MP3 players, computer games and peripherals (O'Connell, 2002). A lot of this waste (approximately two thirds) ends up in Asian countries, mainly China and India. There this waste is dismantled by bare hands, by low paid workers. This is a very serious environmental and health hazard for those nations. This paper shall consider the ethical and legal aspect of e-waste dumping in different countries, mainly China. Unfortunately, largely for economic reasons, the developed world has used primarily one method of dealing with this crisis-exporting their e-waste to less developed countries that are unable or unwilling to protect their citizens from the resulting harm to the ecology or public health. The minute quantities of reusable minerals contained within these electronic products have value only in places with paltry wages and where health codes for their extraction are nonexistent or not enforced. As a result, studies estimate that 50% to 80% of all e-waste amassed for "recycling" are shipped abroad to countries such as China, India, and Pakistan. Researchers found that approximately 13 million computer systems were channeled to recyclers in the United States during 2002, suggesting that up to 10 million of these units moved offshore to parts of Asia. In response to the growing concern over how China will manage its increasing piles of waste electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste), central government departments have drafted a number of interrelated legislations. A national pilot program has also been initiated by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) to determine the most suitable model for a Chinese e-waste management system. Growing interest in the e-waste recycling business from the private sector is another indicator of the significant changes in store for China's largely unregulated and environmentally unsound e-waste processing industry. The rationale behind these legislative and market developments is clear, driven by factors such as the environmental and health impacts of e-waste recycling and disposal, and the incentive of complying with international environmental standards. Discussion America discards thousands of tons of e-waste annually. Most of this e-waste consists of computers and electronic items. Computers and electronic equipment contains toxins. The toxins in computers aren't harmful while the computer is intact. The problems start only after the computer is discarded and breaks apart, leeching its ingredients into the environment. In China, e-waste is becoming an important waste stream, both in terms of quantity and toxicity. E-waste refers to discarded appliances, such as televisions and refrigerators, as well as a variety of associated waste products, such as electrical wiring, printed wiring boards (PWBs),